Virtualisation avec Libvirt / Qemu sur un serveur Gandi IaaS.
Procédure
1/ Création d’un serveur Gandi.
Localisation : Paris, France Coeur : 4 RAM : 4096 Mo Système : Ubuntu 16.04 64 bits LTS (HVM) Disque système : 20 Go
2/ Connexion au serveur.
[~] ➔ ssh admin@95.142.162.206 ... admin@95.142.162.206's password: Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-21-lowlatency x86_64) ... admin@server01virt:~$
3/ Mise-à-jour de la distribution.
admin@server01q:~$ su root@server01virt:/home/admin# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
4/ Installation des paquets de base.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# apt-get install mc screen htop vim links
5/ Remplacement des dépôts Gandi par les dépôts officiels Ubuntu.
Ouvrir :
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap-ubuntu-xenial-backports.list
Remplacer tout par :
deb [arch=amd64] http://en.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main
Ouvrir :
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap-ubuntu-xenial-proposed.list
Remplacer tout par :
deb [arch=amd64] http://en.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main
Ouvrir :
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap-ubuntu-xenial-security.list
Remplacer tout par :
deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main
Ouvrir :
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap-ubuntu-xenial-updates.list
Remplacer tout par :
deb [arch=amd64] http://en.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main universe
Ouvrir :
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap-ubuntu-xenial.list
Remplacer tout par :
deb [arch=amd64] http://en.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe
Lien :
http://askubuntu.com/questions/835731/cant-install-php-mbstring-on-ubuntu-16-04-1-lts/836033
6/ Mise-à-jour de la distribution.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
7/ Installation des paquets pour la virtualisation.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# apt-get --no-install-recommends install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst qemu
8/ Création d’un disque virtuel.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# qemu-img create vhda.raw 5G Formatting 'vhda.raw', fmt=raw size=5368709120
9/ Création d’une machine virtuelle Ubuntu.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virt-install --name VM01 --memory 2048 --disk vhda.raw --network default --graphics vnc,password=Mot2Passe --location http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/installer-amd64/ WARNING KVM acceleration not available, using 'qemu' WARNING Unable to connect to graphical console: virt-viewer not installed. Please install the 'virt-viewer' package. WARNING No console to launch for the guest, defaulting to --wait -1 Starting install... Retrieving file linux... | 6.7 MB 00:00:00 Retrieving file initrd.gz... | 36 MB 00:00:01 Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00:00 Domain installation still in progress. Waiting for installation to complete.
10/ A partir de la machine hôte, connexion localhost en ssh pour VNC.
[~] ➔ ssh admin@95.142.162.206 -L 5900:localhost:5900 admin@95.142.162.206's password: Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-21-lowlatency x86_64) ... admin@server01virt:~$
11/ A partir de la machine hôte, visualisation de la machine virtuelle avec VNC pour l’installation.
[~] ➔ vncviewer localhost:0 VNC Viewer Free Edition 4.1.1 for X - built Jul 31 2015 19:05:51 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Thu Apr 13 21:58:37 2017 CConn: connected to host localhost port 5900 CConnection: Server supports RFB protocol version 3.8 CConnection: Using RFB protocol version 3.8 Password: Thu Apr 13 21:58:43 2017 TXImage: Using default colormap and visual, TrueColor, depth 24. CConn: Using pixel format depth 6 (8bpp) rgb222 CConn: Using ZRLE encoding
12/ Après l’installation de la machine virtuelle, démarrage de la machine virtuelle.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh start VM01 Domain VM01 started
13/ Liste des machines virtuelles.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh net-list setlocale: No such file or directory Name State Autostart Persistent ---------------------------------------------------------- default active yes yes
14/ Visualisation de la machine virtuelle.
[~] ➔ vncviewer localhost:0 VNC Viewer Free Edition 4.1.1 for X - built Jul 31 2015 19:05:51 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Fri Apr 14 10:08:33 2017 CConn: connected to host localhost port 5900 CConnection: Server supports RFB protocol version 3.8 CConnection: Using RFB protocol version 3.8 Password: Fri Apr 14 10:08:36 2017 TXImage: Using default colormap and visual, TrueColor, depth 24. CConn: Using pixel format depth 6 (8bpp) rgb222 CConn: Using ZRLE encoding
15/ Information sur réseau.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh net-info default setlocale: No such file or directory Name: default UUID: ce51274e-d060-43b1-bf9c-040cd30ebb59 Active: yes Persistent: yes Autostart: yes Bridge: virbr0
16/ Information sur le réseau au format XML.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh net-dumpxml default setlocale: No such file or directorydefault ce51274e-d060-43b1-bf9c-040cd30ebb59
17/ Liste des machines virtuelles.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh list setlocale: No such file or directory Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 1 VM01 running
18/ Affichage de la configuration VNC.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh dumpxml VM01 | grep vnc
setlocale: No such file or directory
19/ Liste de la configuration réseau de la VM.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh net-dhcp-leases default Expiry Time MAC address Protocol IP address Hostname Client ID or DUID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017-04-14 10:45:00 52:54:00:90:64:dc ipv4 192.168.122.10/24 ubuntu -
20/ Connexion en ssh sur la VM.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# ssh util01@192.168.122.10 util01@192.168.122.10's password: Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-72-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo". See "man sudo_root" for details. util01@ubuntu:~$
21/ Arrêter la machine virtuelle.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh shutdown VM01 Domain VM01 is being shutdown
22/ Liste de toutes machines virtuelles.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh list --all setlocale: No such file or directory Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- - VM01 shut off
23/ Supprimer une machine virtuelle.
root@server01virt:/home/admin# virsh undefine VM01 setlocale: No such file or directory Domain VM01 has been undefined
24/ Liens.
https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-linux-14-04/
https://www.maccagnoni.eu/2016/09/kvm-virtualisation-serveur/
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Virtualization_Administration_Guide/ch15s06.html
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